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ilization owes much of its strength and some of the greatest of its achievements." It is possible that Dr. Glover (the leading Freudian authority in Great Britain) has overstated Mr. Westwood: the reader is aware of a terminology that reveals an inherent and acquired conservatism lacking, for example, in Mr. Westwood's American__contemporary, Donald Cory. But Dr. Glover is given due thanks by the author and we may take his statement at face value.

In a field whose literature has been scanty, scandalized and occasionally scandalous, any attempt at objective summation is in itself praiseworthy. A volume on deviation may be ethically meritorious yet scientifically ridiculous-Andre Gide's Corydon, for example. It is possible that the author has the best intentions but not the best developed intelligence (opus uncited). It is equally possible that the author may, out of wariness and an attempt at gentlemanly courtesy, marshal his facts in a clear line but not quite leap the river of hesitancy and contradiction for his conclusions. In any case, in the field of homosexual behavior Gordon Westwood's SOCIETY AND THE HOMOSEXUAL (Dutton; $3.00) is a rallying point. Mr. Westwood has left himself out of the surface picture; he has intelligently surveyed and chosen specific authorities. And he has made a case.

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Certain immediate qualifications should be made: Mr. Westwood (of whom we are told nothing by the publishers or by Dr. Glover) deals exclusively with male homosexuality and only in England. While he falls back on the survey made under Dr. Kinsey in this country for apposition, he is geographically as insular as, he points out, the homosexual may feel in a sea of heterosexuality. And his conclusions on the techniques of love are in the main assumptive, by his own admission, rather that deduced from the statistics at hand.

To quote from Dr. Edward Glover's most illuminating and enlightening preface, Mr. Westwood's case "is in brief that homosexuality as commonly understood is not to be dismissed as the lecherous perversion of self-indulgent degenerates, but that it is one of the manifestations of a powerful unconscious force to which, in other forms, civ-

Where the book loses ground it does so from an occasional tendency to take three steps forward and four backward. Using anthropological, analytic and medical references, Mr. Westwood continually and insistently implies a natural status in the field of homosexual response and activity. In the paragraph where he defines his subject he states: "It is important to realize at the outset

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